數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)系統(tǒng)基礎(chǔ)教程

第1章 數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)系統(tǒng)的世界                  
 1.1 數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)系統(tǒng)的發(fā)展                  
 1.1.1 早期的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)管理系統(tǒng)                  
 1.1.2 關(guān)系數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)系統(tǒng)                  
 1.1.3 越來(lái)越小的系統(tǒng)                  
 1.1.4 越來(lái)越大的系統(tǒng)                  
 1.2 數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)管理系統(tǒng)的結(jié)構(gòu)                  
 1.2.1 DBMS的組成概述                  
 1.2.2 存儲(chǔ)管理程序                  
 1.2.3 查詢處理程序                  
 1.2.4 事務(wù)管理程序                  
 1.2.5 客戶程序服務(wù)程序體系結(jié)構(gòu)                  
 1.3 未來(lái)的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)系統(tǒng)                  
 1.3.1 類型. 類和對(duì)象                  
 1.3.2 約束和觸發(fā)程序                  
 1.3.3 多媒體數(shù)據(jù)                  
 1.3.4 數(shù)據(jù)集成                  
 1.5 本書(shū)概要                  
 1.6 本章參考文獻(xiàn)                  
                   
 第2章 數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)建模                  
 2.1 ODL介紹                  
 2.1.1 面向?qū)ο蟮脑O(shè)計(jì)                  
 2.1.2 接口說(shuō)明                  
 2.1.3 ODL中的屬性                  
 2.1.4 ODL中的聯(lián)系                  
 2.1.5 反向聯(lián)系                  
 2.1.6 聯(lián)系的多重性                  
 2.1.7 ODL中的類型                  
 2.1.8 本節(jié)練習(xí)                  
 2.2 實(shí)現(xiàn)聯(lián)系圖                  
 2.2.1 E/R聯(lián)系的多重性                  
 2.2.2 聯(lián)系的多向性                  
 2.2.3 聯(lián)系中的角色                  
 2.2.4 把多向聯(lián)系轉(zhuǎn)換成二元聯(lián)系                  
 2.2.5 本節(jié)練習(xí)                  
 2.2.6 本節(jié)練習(xí)                  
 2.3 設(shè)計(jì)原則                  
 2.3.1 真實(shí)性                  
 2.3.2 避免冗余                  
 2.3.3 對(duì)簡(jiǎn)單笥的考慮                  
 2.3.4 選擇合適的元素類型                  
 2.3.5 本節(jié)練習(xí)                  
 2.4 子類                  
 2.4.1 ODL中的子類                  
 2.4.2 在ODL聽(tīng)多重繼承                  
 2.4.3 實(shí)體聯(lián)系圖中的子類                  
 2.4.4 E/R模型中的繼承                  
 2.4.5 本節(jié)練習(xí)                  
 2.5 對(duì)約束的建模                  
 2.5.1 鍵碼                  
 2.5.2 在ODL中說(shuō)明鍵碼                  
 2.5.3 在E/R模型中表示鍵碼                  
 2.5.4 單值約束                  
 2.5.5 參照完整性                  
 2.5.6 E/R圖中的參照完整性                  
 2.5.7 其他類型的約束                  
 2.5.8 本節(jié)練習(xí)                  
 2.6 弱實(shí)體集                  
 2.6.1 產(chǎn)生弱實(shí)體集的原因                  
 2.6.2 對(duì)弱實(shí)體集的要求                  
 2.6.3 弱實(shí)體集的表示法                  
 2.6.4 本節(jié)練習(xí)                  
 2.7 歷史上有影響的模型                  
 2.7.1 網(wǎng)狀模型                  
 2.7.2 網(wǎng)狀模型的表示                  
 2.7.3 層次模型                  
 2.7.4 本節(jié)練習(xí)                  
 2.8 本章總結(jié)                  
 2.9 本章參考文獻(xiàn)                  
                   
 第3章 關(guān)系數(shù)據(jù)模型                  
 3.1 關(guān)系模型的基本概念                  
 3.1.1 屬性                  
 3.1.2 模式                  
 3.1.3 元組                  
 3.1.4 域                  
 3.1.5 關(guān)系的等價(jià)表示法                  
 3.1.6 關(guān)系實(shí)例                  
 3.1.7 本節(jié)練習(xí)                  
 3.2 從ODL設(shè)計(jì)到關(guān)系設(shè)計(jì)                  
 3.2.1 從ODL屬性到關(guān)系屬性                  
 3.2.2 類中的非原子屬性                  
 3.2.3 其他類型構(gòu)造符的表示                  
 3.2.4 單值聯(lián)系的表示                  
 3.2.5 多值聯(lián)系的表示                  
 3.2.6 假如沒(méi)有鍵碼                  
 3.2.7 聯(lián)系與反向聯(lián)系的表示                  
 3.2.8 本節(jié)練習(xí)                  
 3.3 從E/R圖到關(guān)系的設(shè)計(jì)                  
 3.3.1 實(shí)體集到關(guān)系的轉(zhuǎn)換                  
 3.3.2 E/R聯(lián)系到關(guān)系的轉(zhuǎn)換                  
 3.3.3 處理弱實(shí)體集                  
 3.3.4 本節(jié)練習(xí)                  
 3.4 子類結(jié)構(gòu)到關(guān)系的轉(zhuǎn)換                  
 3.4.1 用關(guān)系表示ODL子類                  
 3.4.2 在關(guān)系模型中表示“屬于”聯(lián)系                  
 3.4.3 方法的比較                  
 3.4.4 使用NULL值合并關(guān)系                  
 3.4.5 本節(jié)練習(xí)                  
 3.5 函數(shù)依賴                  
 3.5.1 函數(shù)依賴的定義                  
 3.5.2 關(guān)系的鍵碼                  
 3.5.3 尋找關(guān)系的鍵碼                  
 3.5.4 超鍵碼                  
 3.5.5 尋找關(guān)系的鍵碼                  
 3.5.6 由ODL設(shè)計(jì)導(dǎo)出的關(guān)系的鍵碼                  
 3.6 本節(jié)練習(xí)                  
 3.6.1 分解/合并規(guī)則                  
 3.6.2 平凡依賴                  
 3.6.3 計(jì)算屬性的閉包                  
 3.6.4 傳遞規(guī)則                  
 3.6.5 函數(shù)依賴的閉包                  
 3.6.6 本節(jié)練習(xí)                  
 3.7 關(guān)系數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)模式設(shè)計(jì)                  
 3.7.1 異常                  
 3.7.2 關(guān)系分解                  
 3.7.3 BC范式                  
 3.7.4 分解成BCNF                  
 3.7.5 函數(shù)依賴的投影                  
 3.7.6 從分解中恢復(fù)信息                  
 3.7.7 第三范式                  
 3.7.8 本節(jié)練習(xí)                  
 3.8 多值依賴                  
 3.8.1 屬性的獨(dú)立性及其帶來(lái)的冗余                  
 3.8.2 多值依賴的定義                  
 3.8.3 多值依賴的推論                  
 3.8.4 第四范式                  
 3.8.5 分解成第四范式                  
 3.8.6 范式間的聯(lián)系                  
 3.8.7 本節(jié)練習(xí)                  
 3.9 數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)模式實(shí)例                  
 3.10 本章總結(jié)                  
 3.11 本章參考文獻(xiàn)                  
                   
 第4章 關(guān)系模型中的運(yùn)算                  
 4.1 關(guān)系代數(shù)                  
 4.1.1 關(guān)系的集合運(yùn)算                  
 4.1.2 投影                  
 4.1.3 選擇                  
 4.1.4 笛卡爾積                  
 4.1.5 自然連接                  
 4.1.6 連接                  
 4.1.7 查詢中的復(fù)合運(yùn)算                  
 4.1.8 改名                  
 4.1.9 基本和導(dǎo)出運(yùn)算                  
 4.1.10 本節(jié)練習(xí)                  
 4.2 關(guān)系的邏輯                  
 4.2.1 謂詞和原子                  
 4.2.2 算術(shù)原子                  
 4.2.3 Datalog規(guī)則和查詢                  
 4.2.4 Datalog 規(guī)則的含義                  
 4.2.5 外延和內(nèi)涵謂詞                  
 4.2.6 本節(jié)練習(xí)                  
 4.3 從關(guān)系代數(shù)的Datalog                  
 4.3.1 交集                  
 4.3.2 并集                  
 4.3.3 差集                  
 4.3.4 投影                  
 4.3.5 選擇                  
 4.3.6 乘積                  
 4.3.7 連接                  
 4.3.8 用Datalog模擬多重運(yùn)算                  
 4.3.9 本節(jié)練習(xí)                  
 4.4 Datalog中的遞歸編程                  
 4.4.1 固定點(diǎn)運(yùn)算符                  
 4.4.2 計(jì)算最小固定點(diǎn)                  
 4.4.3 Datalog中的固定點(diǎn)公式                  
 4.4.4 遞歸規(guī)則中的求反                  
 4.4.5 本節(jié)練習(xí)                  
 4.5 對(duì)關(guān)系的約束                  
 4.5.1 用關(guān)系代數(shù)作為約束語(yǔ)言                  
 4.5.2 參照完整性約束                  
 4.5.3 附加約束的例子                  
 4.5.4 本節(jié)練習(xí)                  
 4.6 包的關(guān)系運(yùn)算                  
 4.6.1 為什么用包？                  
 4.6.2 飯并集. 交集和差集                  
 4.6.3 包的投影                  
 4.6.4 包的選擇                  
 4.6.5 包的乘積                  
 4.6.6 包的連接                  
 4.6.7 包的運(yùn)算用于Datalog規(guī)則                  
 4.6.8 本節(jié)練習(xí)                  
 4.7 關(guān)系模型的其他外延                  
 4.7.1 更新                  
 4.7.2 聚合                  
 4.7.3 視圖                  
 4.7.4 空值                  
 4.8 本章總結(jié)                  
 4.9 本章參考文獻(xiàn)                  
                   
 第5章 數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)語(yǔ)言SQL                  
 5.1 SQL的簡(jiǎn)單查詢                  
 5.1.1 SQL的投影                  
 5.1.2 SQL的選擇                  
 5.1.3 字符串的比較                  
 5.1.4 日期和時(shí)間的比較                  
 5.1.5 輸出的排序                  
 5.1.6 本節(jié)練習(xí)                  
 5.2 涉及多個(gè)關(guān)系的查詢                  
 5.2.1 SQL中的乘積和連接                  
 5.2.2 消除屬性的二義性                  
 5.2.3 元組變量                  
 5.2.4 多關(guān)系查詢的解釋                  
 5.2.5 查詢的并. 交. 差                  
 5.2.6 本節(jié)練習(xí)                  
 5.3 了查詢                  
 5.3.1 產(chǎn)生標(biāo)量值勤的子查詢                  
 5.3.2 涉及到關(guān)系的條件                  
 5.3.3 涉及到元組的條件                  
 5.3.4 相關(guān)子查詢                  
 5.3.5 本節(jié)練習(xí)                  
 5.4 副本                  
 5.4.1 副本的刪除                  
 5.4.2 并. 交. 差中的副本                  
 5.4.3 本節(jié)練習(xí)                  
 5.5 數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)更新                  
 5.5.1 插入                  
 5.5.2 刪除                  
 5.5.3 修改                  
 5.5.4 本節(jié)練習(xí)                  
 5.6 用SQL定義關(guān)系模式                  
 5.6.1 插入                  
 5.6.2 刪除                  
 5.6.3 修改                  
 5.6.4 本節(jié)練習(xí)                  
 5.7 用SQL定義關(guān)系模式                  
 5.7.1 數(shù)據(jù)類型                  
 5.7.2 簡(jiǎn)單表的說(shuō)明                  
 5.7.3 刪除表                  
 5.7.4 更改關(guān)系模式                  
 5.7.5 默認(rèn)值                  
 5.7.6 域                  
 5.7.7 索引                  
 5.7.8 本節(jié)練習(xí)                  
 5.8 視圖的定義                  
 5.8.1 視圖的說(shuō)明                  
 5.8.2 視圖的查詢                  
 5.8.3 屬性改名                  
 5.8.4 視圖的更新                  
 5.8.5 對(duì)涉及到視圖的查詢的解釋                  
 5.8.6 本節(jié)練習(xí)                  
 5.9 空值和外部連接                  
 5.9.1 對(duì)空值的運(yùn)算                  
 5.9.1 真值UNKNOWN                  
 5.9.2 SQL 2中的連接表達(dá)式                  
 5.9.3 自然連接                  
 5.9.4 自然連接                  
 5.9.5 外部連接                  
 5.9.6 本節(jié)練習(xí)                  
 5.10 SQL 3中的遞歸                  
 5.10.1 在SQL3中定義IDB關(guān)系                  
 5.10.2 線性遞歸                  
 5.10.3 在WITH語(yǔ)句中的使用視圖                  
 5.10.4 分層求反                  
 5.10.5 SQL 3遞歸中的未定表達(dá)式                  
 5.10.6 本節(jié)練習(xí)                  
 5.11 本章總結(jié)                  
 5.12 本章參考文獻(xiàn)                  
                   
 第6章 SQL中的約束和觸發(fā)程序                  
 6.1 SQL中的鍵碼                  
 6.1.1 說(shuō)明鍵碼                  
 6.1.2 實(shí)施鍵碼約束                  
 6.1.3 本節(jié)練習(xí)                  
 6.2 參照完整性和外鍵碼                  
 6.2.1 說(shuō)明外鍵碼約束                  
 6.2.2 保持參照完整性                  
 6.2.3 本節(jié)練習(xí)                  
 6.3 對(duì)屬性值的約束                  
 6.3.1 非空約束                  
 6.3.2 基于屬性的CHECK約束                  
 6.3.3 域約束                  
 6.3.4 本節(jié)練習(xí)                  
 6.4 全局約束                  
 6.4.1 基于元組的CHECK約束                  
 6.4.2 斷言                  
 6.4.3 本節(jié)練習(xí)                  
 6.5 約束的更新                  
 6.5.1 對(duì)約束命名                  
 6.5.2 更改表的約束                  
 6.5.3 更改域的約束                  
 6.5.4 更必?cái)嘌?nbsp;                 
 6.5.5 本節(jié)練習(xí)                  
 6.6 SQL3中的觸發(fā)程序                  
 6.6.1 觸發(fā)和約束                  
 6.6.2 SQL3觸發(fā)程序                  
 6.6.3 SQL3的斷言                  
 6.6.4 本節(jié)練習(xí)                  
 6.7 本章總結(jié)                  
 6.8 本章參考文獻(xiàn)                  
                   
 第7章 SQL系統(tǒng)概況                  
 7.1 編程環(huán)境中的SQL                  
 7.1.1 匹配失衡問(wèn)題                  
 7.1.2 SQL/宿主語(yǔ)言接口                  
 7.1.3 說(shuō)明（DECLARE段）                  
 7.1.4 使用共享變量                  
 7.1.5 單行查詢語(yǔ)句                  
 7.1.6 游標(biāo)                  
 7.1.7 通過(guò)游標(biāo)的更新                  
 7.1.8 游標(biāo)選項(xiàng)                  
 7.1.9 為取出的元組排序                  
 7.1.10 防止并發(fā)更新的保護(hù)措施                  
 7.1.11 滾動(dòng)游標(biāo)                  
 7.1.12 動(dòng)態(tài)SQL                  
 7.1.13 本節(jié)練習(xí)                  
 7.2 SQL中的事務(wù)                  
 7.2.1 可串行性                  
 7.2.2 原子性                  
 7.2.3 事務(wù)                  
 7.2.4 只讀事務(wù)                  
 7.2.5 讀臟數(shù)據(jù)                  
 7.2.6 其他隔離性級(jí)別                  
 7.2.7 本節(jié)練習(xí)                  
 7.3 SQL練習(xí)                  
 7.3.1 環(huán)境                  
 7.3.2 模式                  
 7.3.3 目錄                  
 7.3.4 SQL環(huán)境中的客戶程序和服務(wù)程序                  
 7.3.5 連接                  
 7.3.6 會(huì)話                  
 7.3.7 模塊                  
 7.4 SQL2的安全和用戶授權(quán)                  
 7.4.1 權(quán)限                  
 7.4.2 建立權(quán)限                  
 7.4.3 權(quán)限檢驗(yàn)處理                  
 7.4.4 授予權(quán)限                  
 7.4.5 授權(quán)圖                  
 7.4.6 取消權(quán)限                  
 7.4.7 本節(jié)練習(xí)                  
 7.5 本章總結(jié)                  
 7.6 本章參考文獻(xiàn)                  
                   
 第8章 面向?qū)ο蟛樵冋Z(yǔ)言                  
 8.1 ODL中相關(guān)查詢的特點(diǎn)                  
 8.1.1 ODL對(duì)象的操作                  
 8.1.2 ODL中方法署名的說(shuō)明                  
 8.1.3 類的范圍                  
 8.1.4 本節(jié)練習(xí)                  
 8.2 OQL介紹                  
 8.2.1 面向?qū)ο蟮碾娪皩?shí)例                  
 8.2.2 OQL類型系統(tǒng)                  
 8.2.3 路徑表達(dá)式                  
 8.2.4 OQL中的select-from-where表達(dá)式                  
 8.2.5 消除重復(fù)                  
 8.2.6 復(fù)雜的輸出類型                  
 8.2.7 子查詢                  
 8.2.8 對(duì)結(jié)果排序                  
 8.2.9 本節(jié)練習(xí)                  
 8.3 OQL表達(dá)式的附加格式                  
 8.3.1 量詞表達(dá)式                  
 8.3.2 聚合表達(dá)式                  
 8.3.3 分組表達(dá)式                  
 8.3.4 HAVING子句                  
 8.3.5 集合運(yùn)算符                  
 8.3.6 本節(jié)練習(xí)                  
 8.4 OQL中對(duì)象的賦值和建立                  
 8.4.1 對(duì)宿主語(yǔ)言變量賦值                  
 8.4.2 從聚集中提取元素                  
 8.4.3 獲取聚集的每個(gè)成員                  
 8.4.4 建立新對(duì)象                  
 8.4.5 本節(jié)練習(xí)                  
 8.5 SQL3中的元組對(duì)象                  
 8.5.1 行類型                  
 8.5.2 說(shuō)明具有行類型的關(guān)系                  
 8.5.3 訪問(wèn)行類型的分量                  
 8.5.4 引用                  
 8.5.5 利用引用                  
 8.5.6 引用的作用域                  
 8.5.7 作用值的對(duì)象標(biāo)識(shí)                  
 8.5.8 本節(jié)練習(xí)                  
 8.6 SQL3的抽象數(shù)據(jù)類型                  
 8.6.1 ADT的定義                  
 8.6.2 ADT方法的定義                  
 8.6.3 外部函數(shù)                  
 8.6.4 本節(jié)練習(xí)                  
 8.7 ODL/OQL和SQL3的方法的比較                  
 8.8 本章總結(jié)                  
 8.9 本章參考文獻(xiàn)