IP路由技術(shù)原理

     Introduction xv
   Part 1 Internetworking Fundamentals
   Chapter 1 An Introduction to Internetworking
    The OSI Reference Model
    The Seven Layers
    Misperceptions About the OSI Reference Mode
    Logical Adjacency
    The Mechanics of Logical Adjacency
    Receiving the Bit Stream
    The Need to Route
    Routers
    Summary
   Chapter 2 Understanding Internetwork Addresses
    The Internet's Address Architecture
    Advertising Network Addresses
    IP Addressing
    Binary Versus Decimal Numbers
    IPv4 Address Formats
    The Emergence of Subnetworks
    Subnetting
    VLSM
    Classless Interdomain Routing
    Classless Addressing
    Enhanced Route Aggregation
    Supernetting
    How CIDR Works
    Summary
   Chapter 3 Routers and LANs
    LAN Domains
    The Media Access Domain
    The MAC Broadcast Domain
    LAN Segmentation
    Segmenting with Bridges
    Segmenting with Switches
    Segmenting with Routers
    The Differences Between Bridges, Switches, areRouters
    LAN Backbones
    Collapsed Backbones
    Parallel Backbones
    WAN Gateway
    IP Network Domains
    Summary
   Chapter 4 Routers and WANs
    A Closer Look at Routers
    Physical Components
    Router Functions
    Roles of the Router in WANs :
    Internetworking Scenarios
    WAN Performance Criteria
    Component Uptime
    Traffic Volumes
    Delay
    Resource Utilization Rates
    Costs of the WAN
    Summary
   part 2 The Inner Workings of Routers
   chapter 5 Internet Protocols Versions
    The Network Layer
    The Transport Layer
    Internet Protocol, Version 4 (IPv4)
    Dissecting TCP/IP
    Internet Protocol, Version 6 (IPv6)
    IPv6 Unicast Address Structures
    IPv6 Transitional Unicast Address Structures
    IPv6 Anycast Address Structures
    IPv6 Multicast Address Structures
    Summary
   Chapter 6 Transmission Technologies
    LAN Technologies
    Ethernet
    Token Ring
    FDDI
    ATM
    WAN Technologies
    Leased Lines
    Circuit-Switched Facilities
    Packet-Switched Facilities
    Cell-Switched Facilities
    Carrier System Standards
    ANSI's Digital Signal Hierarchy
    ITU's Digital Signal Hierarchy
    SONET's Carrier Systems
    The T-Carrier System
    Summary
    The Mechanics of Routing Protocols
   Chapter 7 Routing
    Static Routing
    Distance-Vector Routing
    Link-State Routing
    Hybridized Routing
    Performance Characteristics of Hybridized
    Routing
    Convergence
    Accommodating Topological Changes
    Convergence Time
    Route Calculation
    Storing Multiple Routes
    Initiating Updates
    Routing Metrics
    Summary
   Part 3 Routing Protocols
   Chapter 8 Routing Information Protocol
    The Origins of RIP
    Xerox's RIP
    routed
    RFC 1058
    RFC 1058 Specifications
    RIP Packet Format
    The RIP Routing Table
    Operational Mechanics
    Calculating Distance Vectors
    Updating the Routing Table
    Addressing Considerations
    Topology Changes
    Convergence
    Counting to Infinity
    Limitations of RIP
    Hop Count Limit
    Fixed Metrics
    Network Intensity of Table Updates
    Slow Convergence
    Lack of Load Balancing
    Summary
   Chapter 9 Routing Information Protocol Version 2
    The Need to Update RIP
    RIP-2: RFC 1723 279
    RFC 1723 Specifications
    RIP-2 Message Format
    Using RIP-2 Messages
    RIP-2's New Features
    Authentication
    Subnet Masks
    Next Hop Identification
    Multicasting
    Limitations of RIP-2
    Summary
   Chapter 10 Interior Gateway Routing Protocol
    The Origins of IGRP
    Needed Capabilities
    Cisco's Solution
    An Overview of IGRP
    Metrics
    Using the Metrics
    IGRP's Mechanisms
    Timing Mechanisms
    Convergence Mechanisms
    Operational Mechanics
    Topological Changes
    Multipath Routing
    Equal-Cost Load Balancing
    Unequal-Cost Load Balancing
    Summary
   Chapter 11 Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol
    EIGRP Background
    Backward Compatibility with IGRP
    EIGRP's Improvements
    New Features Found in EIGRP
    Neighbor Discovery and Recovery
    Reliable Transport Protocol
    The Distributed Update Algorithm
    Protocol-Specific Modules
    EIGRP Data Structures
    EIGRP Tables
    EIGRP Packet Types
    Convergence Using EIGRP
    Summary
   Chapter 12 Open Shortest Path First
    The Origins of OSPF
    RFC 2328 OSPF Version 2
    OSPF Areas
    Routing Updates
    OSPF Data Structures
    The Hello Packet
    The Database Description Packet
    The Link-State Request Packel
    The Link-State Update Packet
    The Link-State Acknowledgment Packet
    Calculating Routes
    Using Autocalculation
    Using Default Route Costs
    The Shortest-Path Tree
    Summary
   Part IV Implementation Issues
   Chapter 13 Building Internetworks
    A Blueprint for Success
    Scale
    Distances
    Traffic Volumes
    Performance Delays
    Costs of the WAN
    Topologies for Simple Internetworks
    Peer-to-Peer Topology
    Ring Topology
    Star Network Topology
    Partial Mesh Topology
    Topologies for Large Internetworks
    Full Mesh
    Two-Tiered Topology
    Three-Tiered Topology
    Hybrid Topologies
    Before You Build the WAN
    Determining Backbone Loads
    Placing Gateways
    Selecting Transmission Technologies
    Selecting Routing Protocols
    After You Build the WAN
    Component Uptime
    Traffic Volumes
    Resource Utilization
    Summary
   Chapter 14 Internetworking with Dissimilar Protocols
    Dissimilar Architectures
    Dissimilar Routed Protoeols
    Redundant Routed Protocols
    Gateways
    Tunnels
    Dissimilar Routing Protocols
    Integrated Routing Protocols
    Redundant Routing Protocols
    Redistributing Routing Information
    The Mechanics of Route Redistribution
    Summary
   Chapter 15 The Future of Routing 463
    Computer-Based Routers
    Today's Products
    The New Uses of Computer-Based Routing
    Multilayer Switches
    Benefits and Uses of Multilayer Switches
    Next-Generation Routing
    The Effects of 1Pv6
    IPSec
    Isochronous Services
    Summary
    Index