CONTENTS Preface Introduction Ⅰ. Congress, the Courts, A. Judicial Review B. Cases and Controversies 1. Finality 2. Advisory Opinions 3. Standing 4. Ripeness 5. Mootness 6. Political Questions 7. Administrative Questions C. The Power of Congress to Regulate Federal Jurisdiction 1. The Power to Deny Jurisdic-tion 2. Legislative Courts 3. Article I Powers in Article III Courts Ⅱ. Federal-Question Cases A. Identifying Federal-Question Cases 1. Constitutional Scope 2. Remote Federal Issues 3. The Well-Pleaded Complaint Rule 4. Incorporation of Federal or State Law B. Supplemental Jurisdiction Ⅲ. Admiralty IV. Diversity Cases A. Determining Citizenship B. Complete Diversity 1. The General Rule 2. Interpleader 3. Supplemental Jurisdiction C. Corporations and Associations 1. Associations as Citizens 2. Determining Corporate Citi-zenship 3. The Consequence of Multiple Citizenship 4. Derivative Suits D. The Jurisdictional Amount 1. Determining the Amount in Controversy 2. Multiple Claims V. Miscellaneous Jurisdictional Issues A. Raising Jurisdictional Questions B. Exclusive Jurisdiction C. State Courts and Federal Officers D. Removal E. The Obligation of State Courts to Provide A Forum F. Venue and Service of Process G. Forum Non Conveniens and Transfer VI. The Law Applicable in Federal Courts A. Erie B. Substance and Procedure C. The Federal Rules of Civil Proce-dure D. The Choice Among Conflicting State Laws E. The Federal Common Law F. Federal Law in State Courts G. Section 1983 H. Bivens VII. Sovereign Immunity A. The General Principle B. Waiver C. Suits Against Government Offi-cers D. Official Immunity E. Congressional and Presidential Immunities Ⅷ. Abstention and Related Doctrines A. Pullman B. Certification C. Burford and Alabama D. Exhaustion of Administrative Remedies E. Domestic Relations, Probate, and Pending Actions F. Injunctions Against Suit 1. Section 2283 a. "Expressly Authorized" b. "Necessary ... in Aid of. .. Jurisdiction" c. "To Protect or Effectuate its Judgments" d. Implicit Exceptions and Proposals for Reform 2. Nonstatutory Limitations 3. State Injunctions Against Fed-eral Proceedings IX. Appellate and Collateral Review A. Supreme Court Review of State Judgments 1. Federal and State Questions 2. Adequate State Grounds B. Miscellaneous Problems 1. Appeal, Certiorari, and Certifi-cation 2. The Final-Judgment Rule C. Post-Conviction Review 1. The Issues Cognizable 2. The Impact of a Prior State-Court Decision 3. Procedural Defaults 4. Federal Prisoners 5. Military Prisoners 6. Custody, Prematurity, and Venue 7. Exhaustion of State Remedies 8. Other Post-Conviction Reme-dies
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