Table of Contents Introduction Assessment Test Chapter 1 Internetworking Internetworking Basics Intemetworking Models The Layered Approach Advantages of Reference Models The OSI Reference Model The Application Layer The Presentation Layer The Session Layer The Transport Layer The Network Layer The Data Link Layer The Physical Layer Ethernet Networking Half- and Full-Duplex Ethernet Ethernet at the Data Link Layer Ethernet at the Physical Layer Ethernet Cabling Straight-Through Cable Crossover Cable Rolled Cable Wireless Networking Data Encapsulation The Cisco Three-Layer Hierarchical Model The Core Layer The Distribution Layer The Access Layer Summary Exam Essentials Written Lab 1 Written Lab 1.1: OSI Questions Written Lab 1.2: Defining the OSI Layers and Devices Written Lab 1.3: Identifying Collision and Broadcast Domains Review Questions Answers to Review Questions Answers to Written Lab 1 Answers to Written Lab 1.1 Answer to Written Lab 1.2 Answers to Written Lab 1.3 Chapter 2 Internet Protocols TCP/IP and the DoD Model The Process/Application Layer Protocols The Host-to-Host Layer Protocols The Internet Layer Protocols Binary to Decimal and Hexadecimal Conversion IP Addressing IP Terminology The Hierarchical IP Addressing Scheme Private IP Addresses Broadcast Addresses Introduction to Network Address Translation (NAT) Summary Exam Essentials Written Lab 2 Review Questions Answers to Review Questions Answers to Written Lab 2 Chapter 3 IP Subnetting and Variable Length Subnet Masks (VLSMs) Subnetting Basics IP Subnet-Zero How to Create Subnets Subnet Masks Classless Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR) Subnetting Class C Addresses The Binary Method: Subnetting a Class C Address The Fast Way: Subnetting a Class C Address Subnetting Class B Addresses Subnetting Class A Addresses Variable Length Subnet Masks (VLSMs) VLSM Design Implementing VLSM Networks Summarization Troubleshooting IP Addressing Determining IP Address Problems Summary Exam Essentials Written Lab 3 Review Questions Answers to Review Questions Answers to Written Lab 3 Chapter 4 Introduction to the Cisco 1OS The Cisco Router User Interface Cisco Router lOS Connecting to a Cisco Router Bringing Up a Router Setup Mode Command-Line Interface Logging into the Router Overview of Router Modes CLI Prompts Editing and Help Features Gathering Basic Routing Information Router and Switch Administrative Functions Hostnames Banners Setting Passwords Encrypting Your Passwords Descriptions Router Interfaces Bringing Up an Interface Configuring an IP Address on an Interface Serial Interface Commands Viewing, Saving, and Erasing Configurations Verifying Your Configuration Summary Exam Essentials Written Lab 4 Hands-on Labs Hands-on Lab 4.1: Logging into a Router Hands-on Lab 4.2: Using the Help and Editing Features Hands-on Lab 4.3: Saving a Router Configuration Hands-on Lab 4.4: Setting Your Passwords Hands-on Lab 4.5: Setting the Hostname, Descriptions, IP Address, and Clock Rate Review Questions Answers to Review Questions Answers to Written Lab 4 Chapter 5 IP Routing Routing Basics The IP Routing Process Testing Your IP Routing Understanding IP Routing in a Larger Network Configuring IP Routing in Our Network Static Routing Default Routing Dynamic Routing Routing Protocol Basics Administrative Distances Routing Protocols Distance-Vector Routing Protocols Routing Loops Maximum Hop Count Split Horizon Route Poisoning Holddowns Routing Information Protocol (RIP) RIP Timers Configuring RIP Routing Verifying the RIP Routing Tables Holding Down RIP Propagations RIP Version 2 (RIPv2) Interior Gateway Routing Protocol {IGRP) IGRP Timers Configuring IGRP Routing Verifying the IGRP Routing Tables Troubleshooting IGRP Using Both RIP and IGRP Verifying Your Configurations The show protocols Command The show ip protocols Command The debug ip rip Command The debug ip igrp Command Summary Exam Essentials Written Lab 5 Hands-on Labs Hands-on Lab 5.1: Creating Static Routes Hands-on Lab 5.2: Dynamic Routing with RIP Hands-on Lab 5.3: Dynamic Routing with IGRP Review Questions Answers to Review Questions Answers to Written Lab 5 Chapter 6 Enhanced IGRP (EIGRP) and Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) EIGRP Features and Operation Protocol-Dependent Modules Neighbor Discovery Reliable Transport Protocol (RTP) Diffusing Update Algorithm (DUAL) Using EIGRP to Support Large Networks Multiple AS VLSM Support and Summarization Route Discovery and Maintenance Configuring EIGRP Lab_A Lab_B Lab_C Configuring Discontiguous Networks Verifying EIGRP Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) Basics OSPF Terminology SPF Tree Calculation Configuring OSPF Enabling OSPF Configuring OSPF Areas Verifying OSPF Configuration The show ip ospf Command The show ip ospf database Command The show ip ospf interface Command The show ip ospf neighbor Command The show ip protocols Command OSPF and Loopback Interfaces Configuring Loopback Interfaces Verifying Loopbacks and RIDs Troubleshooting OSPF Configuring EIGRP and OSPF Summary Routes Summary Exam Essentials Written Lab 6 Hands-On Labs Hands-on Lab 6.1: Configuring and Verifying EIGRP Hands-on Lab 6.2: Enabling the OSPF Process Hands-on Lab 6.3: Configuring OSPF Neighbors Hands-on Lab 6.4: Verifying OSPF Operation Review Questions Answers to Review Questions Answers to Written Lab 6 Chapter 7 Layer 2 Switching Before Layer 2 Switching Switching Services Limitations of Layer 2 Switching Bridging vs. LAN Switching Three Switch Functions at Layer 2 Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) Spanning Tree Terms Spanning Tree Operations Spanning Tree Example LAN Switch Types Cut-Through (Real Time) FragmentFree (Modified Cut-Through) Store-and-Forward Configuring the Catalyst 1900 and 2950 Switches 1900 and 2950 Switch Startup Setting the Passwords Setting the Hostname Setting IP Information Configuring Interface Descriptions Setting Port Security on a Catalyst Switch Erasing the Switch Configuration Summary Exam Essentials Written Lab 7 Hands-on Labs Hands-on Lab 7.1: Switch Basic Administrative Configurations Hands-on Lab 7.2: Verifying the Switch Configurations Review Questions Answers to Review Questions Answers to Written Lab 7 Chapter 8 Virtual LANs (VLANs) VLAN Basics Broadcast Control Security Flexibility and Scalability VLAN Memberships Static VLANs Dynamic VLANs Identifying VLANs Frame Tagging VLAN Identification Methods Inter-Switch Link (ISL) Protocol VLAN Trunking Protocol (VTP) VTP Modes of Operation VTP Pruning Routing between VLANs Configuring VLANs Assigning Switch Ports to VLANs Configuring Trunk Ports Configuring Inter-VLAN Routing Configuring VTP Troubleshooting VTP Configuring Switching in Our Sample Internetwork Summary Exam Essentials Written Lab Review Questions Answers to Review Questions Answers to Written Lab 8 Chapter 9 Managing a Cisco Internetwork The Internal Components of a Cisco Router The Router Boot Sequence Managing Configuration Registers Understanding the Configuration Register Bits Checking the Current Configuration Register Value Changing the Configuration Register Recovering Passwords Backing Up and Restoring the Cisco lOS Verifying Flash Memory Backing Up the Cisco lOS Restoring or Upgrading the Cisco Router lOS Backing Up and Restoring the Cisco Configuration Backing Up the Cisco Router Configuration Restoring the Cisco Router Configuration Erasing the Configuration Using Cisco Discovery Protocol (CDP) Getting CDP Timers and Holdtime Information Gathering Neighbor Information Gathering Interface Traffic Information Gathering Port and Interface Information Using Telnet Telnetting into Multiple Devices Simultaneously Checking Telnet Connections Checking Telnet Users Closing Telnet Sessions Resolving Hostnames Building a Host Table Using DNS to Resolve Names Checking Network Connectivity Using the ping Command Using the traceroute Command Summary Exam Essentials Written Lab 9 Hands-on Labs Hands-on Lab 9.1: Backing Up Your Router lOS Hands-on Lab 9.2: Upgrading or Restoring Your Router lOS Hands-on Lab 9.3: Backing Up the Router Configuration Hands-on Lab 9.4: Using the Cisco Discovery Protocol (CDP) Hands-on Lab 9.5: Using Telnet Hands-on Lab 9.6: Resolving Hostnames Review Questions Answers to Review Questions Answers to Written Lab 9 Chapter 10 Managing Traffic with Access Lists Introduction to Access Lists Standard Access Lists Wildcard Masking Standard Access List Example Controlling VTY (Telnet) Access Extended Access Lists Extended Access List Example I Extended Access List Example 2 Named Access Lists Monitoring Access Lists Summary Exam Essentials Written Lab 10 Hands-on Labs Hands-on Lab 10.1: Standard IP Access Lists Hands-on Lab 10.2: Extended IP Access Lists Review Questions Answers to Review Questions Answers to Written Lab 10 Chapter 11 Wide Area Networking Protocols Introduction to Wide Area Networks Defining WAN Terms WAN Connection Types WAN Support Cabling the Wide Area Network Serial Transmission Data Terminal Equipment and Data Communication Equipment Fixed and Modular Interfaces High-Level Data-Link Control (HDLC) Protocol Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) Link Control Protocol (LCP) Configuration Options PPP Session Establishment PPP Authentication Methods Configuring PPP on Cisco Routers Configuring PPP Authentication Verifying PPP Encapsulation Frame Relay Introduction to Frame Relay Technology Frame Relay Implementation and Monitoring Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) ISDN Connections ISDN Components Basic Rate Interface (BRI) Primary Rate Interface (PRI) ISDN with Cisco Routers Dial-on-Demand Routing (DDR) Configuring DDR Optional Commands DDR with Access Lists Verifying the ISDN Operation Summary Exam Essentials Written Lab 1 1 Hands-on Labs Hands-on Lab 1 1.1: Configuring PPP Encapsulation and Authentication Hands-on Lab 1 1.2: Configuring and Monitoring HDLC Hands-on Lab 1 1.3: Configuring Frame Relay and Sub- interfaces Hands-on Lab 1 1.4: Configuring ISDN and BRI Interfaces Review Questions Answers to Review Questions Answers to Written Lab 1 1 Appendix A Commands in This Study Guide Glossary