CONTENTS Preface to the third Russian edition From the prefaces to previous Russian editions Nolation I. THE FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES OF STATISTICAL PHYSICS 1. Statistical distributions 2. Statistical independence 3. Liouville''s theorem 4. The significance of energy 5. The statistical matrix 6. Statistical distributions in quantum statistics 7. Entropy 8. The law of incrcase ofentropy 11. THERMODYNAMIC QUANTITIES 9. Temperature 10. Macroscopic motion 11. Adiabatic processes 12.Pressure 13. Work and quantity of heat 14. The heat function 15. The free energy and the therrnodynamic potential 16. Relations between the derivatives of thermodynamic quantities 17. The thermodynamic scale of temperature 18. The Joule-Thomson process 19. Maximum work 20. Maximum work done by a body in an extemal medium 21. Thermodynamic inequalities 22. Le Chatelier''s principle 23. Nemst''s theorem 24. The dependence of the thermodynamic quantities on the number of particles 25. Equilibrium of a body in an extemal field 26. Rotating bodies 27. Thermodynamic relations in the relativistic region 111. THE GIBBS DISTRIBUTION 28. The Gibbs distribution 29. The Maxwellian distribution 30. The probability distribution for an oscillator 31. The free energy in the Gibbs distribution 32. Thermodynamic perturbation theory 33. Expansion in powers of fi 34. The Gibbs distribution for rotating bodies 35. The Gibbs distribution for a variable number of particles 36. The derivation of the thermodynamic relations from the Gibbs distribution IV. IDEAL GASES 37. The Boltzmann distribution 38. The Boltzmann distribution in classical statistics 39. Molecular collisions 40. Ideal gases not in equilibrium 41. The free energy of an ideal Boltzmann gas 42. The equation of state of an ideal gas 43. Ideal gases with constant specific heat 44. The law of equipartition 45. Monatomic ideal gases 46. Monatomic gases. The effect of the electronic angular momentum 47. Diatomic gases with molecules of unlike atoms. Rotation of molecules 48. Diatomic gases with molecules of like atoms. Rotation of moleculcs 49. Diatomic gases. Vibrations of atoms 50. Diatomic gases. The effect of the electronic angular momentum 51. Polyatomic gases 52. Magnetism of gases V. THE FERMl AND BOSE DISTRIBUTIONS 53. The Fermi distribution 54. The Bose distribution 55. Fermi and Bose gases not in equilibrium 56. Fermi and Bose gases of elementary particles 57. A degenerate electron gas 58. The specific heat of a degenerate electron gas 59. Magnetism of an electron gas. Weak fields 60. Magnetism of an electron gas. Strong fields 61. A relativistic degenerate electron gas 62. A degenerate Bose gas 63. Black-body radiation Vl SOLIDS 64. Solids at low temperatures 65. Solids at high temperatures 66. Debye''s interpolation formula 67. Thennal expansion of solids 68. Highly anisotropic crystals 69. Crystal lattice vibrations 70. Number density of vibrations 71. Phonons 72. Phonon creation and annihilation operators 73. Negative temperatures VII. NON-IDEAL GASES 74. Deviations of gases from the ideal state 75. Expansion in powers of the density 76. Van der Waals'' formula 77. Relationship of the virial coefflcient and the scattering amplitude 78. Thermodynamic quantities for a classical plasma 79. The method of correlation functions 80. Thermodynamic quantities for a degenerate plasma VIII. PHASE EQUILIBRIUM 81. Conditions of phase equilibrium 82. The Clapeyron-Clausius fonnula 83. The critical point 84. The law of corresponding states IX. SOLUTIONS 85. Systems containing different particles 86. The phase rule 87. Weak solutions 88. Osmotic pressure 89. Solvent phases in contact 90. Equilibrium with respect to the solute 91. Evolution of heat and change of volume on dissolution 92. Solutions of strong electrolytes 93. Mixtures ofideal gases 94. Mixtures of isotopes 95. Vapour pressure over concentrated solutions 96. Thennodynamic inequalities for solutions 97. Equilibrium curves 98. Examples of phase diagrams 99. Intersection of singular curves on the cquilibrium surface 100. Gases and liquids X CHEMICAL REACTIONS 101. The condition for chemical equilibrium 102. The law of mass action 103. Heat ofreaction 104. lonisation equilibrium 105. Equilibrium with respect to pair production XI PROPERTIES OF MATTER AT VERY HIGH DENSITY 106. The equation of state of matter at high density 107. Equilibrium of bodies of large mass 108. The energy of a gravitating body 109. Equilibrium of a neutron sphere XII. FLUCTUATIONS 110. The Gaussian distribution 111. The Gaussian distribution for more than one variable 112. Fluctuations of the fundamental thennodynamic quantities 113. Fluctuations in an ideal gas 114. Poisson''s formula 115. Fluctuations in solutions 116. Spatial correlation of density fluctuations 117. Correlation of density fluctuations in a degenerate gas 118. Correlations of fluctuations in time 119. Time correlations of the fluctuations of more than one variable 120. The symmetry of the kinetic coefficients 121. The dissipative function 122. Spectral resolution of fluctuations 123. The generalised susceptibility 124. The fluctuation-dissipation theorem 125. The fluctuation-dissipation theorem for more than one variable 126. The operator fonn of the generalised susceptibility 127. Fluctuations in the curvature of long molecules XIII. THE SYMMETRY OF CRYSTAL.S 128. Symmetry elements of a crystal lattice 129. The Bravais lattice 130. Crystal systems 131. Crystal classes 132. Spacegroups 133. The reciprocal lattice 134. Irreducible representations ofspace groups 135. Symmetry under time reversal 136. Symmetry properties of normal vibrations of a crystal lattice 137. Structures periodic in one and two dimensions 138. The correlation function in two-dimensional systems 139. Symmetry with respect to orientation of molecules 140. Nematic and cholesteric liquid crystals 141. Fluctuations in liquid crystals XIV. PHASE TRANSITIONS OF THE SECOND KIND AND CRITICAL PHENOMENA 142. Phase transitions of the second kind 143. The discontinuity of specific heat 144. Effect of an extemal field on a phase transition 145. Change i
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