譯序 vii 中英簡繁術(shù)語對照 ix 目錄 xvii 序言 xxi 致謝 xxiii 導讀 1 1. 讓自己習慣C++ 11 Accustoming Yourself to C++ 11 條款01：視C++ 為一個語言聯(lián)邦 11 View C++ as a federation of languages 11 條款02：盡量以const, enum, inline替換 #define 13 Prefer consts,enums, and inlines to #defines. 13 條款03：盡可能使用const 17 Use const whenever possible. 17 條款04：確定對象被使用前已先被初始化 26 Make sure that objects are initialized before they're used. 26 2. 構(gòu)造/析構(gòu)/賦值運算 34 Constructors, Destructors, and Assignment Operators 34 條款05：了解C++ 默默編寫并調(diào)用哪些函數(shù) 34 Know what functions C++ silently writes and calls. 34 條款06：若不想使用編譯器自動生成的函數(shù)，就該明確拒絕 37 Explicitly disallow the use of compiler-generated functions you do not want. 37 條款07：為多態(tài)基類聲明virtual析構(gòu)函數(shù) 40 Declare destructors virtual in polymorphic base classes. 40
條款08：別讓異常逃離析構(gòu)函數(shù) 44 Prevent exceptions from leaving destructors. 44 條款09：絕不在構(gòu)造和析構(gòu)過程中調(diào)用virtual函數(shù) 48 Never call virtual functions during construction or destruction. 48 條款10：令operator= 返回一個reference to *this 52 Have assignment operators return a reference to *this. 52 條款11：在operator= 中處理“自我賦值” 53 Handle assignment to self in operator=. 53 條款12：復(fù)制對象時勿忘其每一個成分 57 Copy all parts of an object. 57 3. 資源管理 61 Resource Management 61 條款13：以對象管理資源 61 Use objects to manage resources. 61 條款14：在資源管理類中小心coping行為 66 Think carefully about copying behavior in resource-managing classes. 66 條款15：在資源管理類中提供對原始資源的訪問 69 Provide access to raw resources in resource-managing classes. 69 條款16：成對使用new和delete時要采取相同形式 73 Use the same form in corresponding uses of new and delete. 73 條款17：以獨立語句將newed對象置入智能指針 75 Store newed objects in smart pointers in standalone statements. 75 4. 設(shè)計與聲明 78 Designs and Declarations 78 條款18：讓接口容易被正確使用，不易被誤用 78 Make interfaces easy to use correctly and hard to use incorrectly. 78 條款19：設(shè)計class猶如設(shè)計type 84 Treat class design as type design. 84 條款20：寧以pass-by-reference-to-const替換pass-by-value 86 Prefer pass-by-reference-to-const to pass-by-value. 86 條款21：必須返回對象時，別妄想返回其reference 90 Don't try to return a reference when you must return an object. 90 條款22：將成員變量聲明為private 94 Declare data members private. 94 條款23：寧以non-member、non-friend替換member函數(shù) 98 Prefer non-member non-friend functions to member functions. 98 條款24：若所有參數(shù)皆需類型轉(zhuǎn)換，請為此采用non-member函數(shù) 102 Declare non-member functions when type conversions should apply to all parameters. 102
條款25：考慮寫出一個不拋異常的swap函數(shù) 106 Consider support for a non-throwing swap. 106 5. 實現(xiàn) 113 Implementations 113 條款26：盡可能延后變量定義式的出現(xiàn)時間 113 Postpone variable definitions as long as possible. 113 條款27：盡量少做轉(zhuǎn)型動作 116 Minimize casting. 116 條款28：避免返回handles指向?qū)ο髢?nèi)部成分 123 Avoid returning "handles" to object internals. 123 條款29：為“異常安全”而努力是值得的 127 Strive for exception-safe code. 127 條款30：透徹了解inlining的里里外外 134 Understand the ins and outs of inlining. 134 條款31：將文件間的編譯依存關(guān)系降至最低 140 Minimize compilation dependencies between files. 140 6. 繼承與面向?qū)ο笤O(shè)計 149 Inheritance and Object-Oriented Design 149 條款32：確定你的public繼承塑模出is-a關(guān)系 150 Make sure public inheritance models "is-a." 150 條款33：避免遮掩繼承而來的名稱 156 Avoid hiding inherited names. 156 條款34：區(qū)分接口繼承和實現(xiàn)繼承 161 Differentiate between inheritance of interface and inheritance of implementation. 161 條款35：考慮virtual函數(shù)以外的其他選擇 169 Consider alternatives to virtual functions. 169 條款36：絕不重新定義繼承而來的non-virtual函數(shù) 178 Never redefine an inherited non-virtual function. 178 條款37：絕不重新定義繼承而來的缺省參數(shù)值 180 Never redefine a function's inherited default parameter value. 180 條款38：通過復(fù)合塑模出has-a或"根據(jù)某物實現(xiàn)出" 184 Model "has-a" or "is-implemented-in-terms-of" through composition. 184 條款39：明智而審慎地使用private繼承 187 Use private inheritance judiciously. 187 條款40：明智而審慎地使用多重繼承 192 Use multiple inheritance judiciously. 192 7. 模板與泛型編程 199 Templates and Generic Programming 199
條款41：了解隱式接口和編譯期多態(tài) 199 Understand implicit interfaces and compile-time polymorphism. 199 條款42：了解typename的雙重意義 203 Understand the two meanings of typename. 203 條款43：學習處理模板化基類內(nèi)的名稱 207 Know how to access names in templatized base classes. 207 條款44：將與參數(shù)無關(guān)的代碼抽離templates 212 Factor parameter-independent code out of templates. 212 條款45：運用成員函數(shù)模板接受所有兼容類型 218 Use member function templates to accept "all compatible types." 218 條款46：需要類型轉(zhuǎn)換時請為模板定義非成員函數(shù) 222 Define non-member functions inside templates when type conversions are desired. 222 條款47：請使用traits classes表現(xiàn)類型信息 226 Use traits classes for information about types. 226 條款48：認識template元編程 233 Be aware of template metaprogramming. 233 8. 定制new和delete 239 Customizing new and delete 239 條款49：了解new-handler的行為 240 Understand the behavior of the new-handler. 240 條款50：了解new和delete的合理替換時機 247 Understand when it makes sense to replace new and delete. 247 條款51：編寫new和delete時需固守常規(guī) 252 Adhere to convention when writing new and delete. 252 條款52：寫了placement new也要寫placement delete 256 Write placement delete if you write placement new. 256 9. 雜項討論 262 Miscellany 262 條款53：不要輕忽編譯器的警告 262 Pay attention to compiler warnings. 262 條款54：讓自己熟悉包括TR1在內(nèi)的標準程序庫 263 Familiarize yourself with the standard library, including TR1. 263 條款55：讓自己熟悉Boost 269 Familiarize yourself with Boost. 269 A 本書之外 273 B 新舊版條款對映 277 索引 280
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