Acknowledgements Abstract List of Abbreviations Chapter One Introduction 1.1 Statement of the Problem 1.2 Rationale for the Studies 1.3 Objectives of the Studies 1.4 Significance Of the Studies 1.4. 1 Resolving some of the Problems and Inconsistent Findings concerning the Effects of Teacher Feedback 1.4.2 Improving the Teaching and Learning of English Writing in China 1.5 Organization of this Book Chapter Two Literature Review 2.1 Feedback Sources 2.1.1 Teacher Feedback 2.1.2 Peer Feedback 2.1.3 Research Evidence on Different Sources of Feedback 2.2 Feedback Modes 2.2.1 Oral Feedback 2.2.2 Computer Feedback 2.2.3 Research Evidence on Feedback Modes 2.3 Feedback Focuses 2.3.1 Form-focused and Content-focused Feedback 2.3.2 Research Evidence on Feedback Focuses 2.4 Feedback Styles 2.4.1 Elocutionary Force of Feedback 2.4.2 Directness of Feedback 2.5 Feedback in Light of 1.2 Teaching Theories 2.6 Summary Chapter Three Theories Relevant to Writing and L2 Writing Assessment 3.1 Theories Relevant to Writing 3.1.1 Process Writing Theory 3.1.2 The Output Hypothesis 3.1.3 Feedback and Noticing 3.1.4 Interaction and Second Language Acquisition 3.2 Second Language Writing Assessment 3.2.1 Holistic Scoring 3.2.2 Analytic Scoring 3.2.3 Objective Measures 3.3 Summary Chapter Four Methodology 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Study 1 4.2.1 Research Questions 4.2.2 Method 4.2.3 Data Collection 4.3 Study 2 4.3.1 Research Questions 4.3.2 Method 4.3.3 Data Analysis 4.4 Summary Chapter Five Results and Discussion 5. 1 Results of Study 1 5.1.1 Results of Holistic Scoring 5.1.2 Results of Analytical Scale 5.1.3 Results of Objective Measures 5.1.4 Discussion and Conclusion 5.2 Results of Study 2 5.2.1 Results of Holistic Scoring 5.2.2 Results of Objective Measures 5.2.3 Discussion and Conclusion 5.3 Results of Survey-based Measures and Discussion 5.3.1 Questionnaire Survey 5.3.2 Interviews 5.4 General Discussion. Feedback in L2 Writing 5.5 Summary Chapter Six Conclusion 6.1 Major Findings 6.2 Implications, Limitations, and Suggestions for Further Research Bibliography Appendix A Holistic Evaluation of Drafts Appendix B Topics for the Six Assignments Appendix C Error Categories Appendix D Guidelines for Calculating EFT/TT and WEFT/TW Appendix E Feedback Checklist Appendix F Analytic Rubric Employed in Study 1 Appendix G Questionnaire (Originally in Chinese)