史蒂文斯（W. Richard Stevens），國際知名的UNIX和網(wǎng)絡(luò)專家，備受贊譽的技術(shù)作家。他1951年2月5日出生于贊比亞，后隨父母回到美國。中學(xué)時就讀于弗吉尼亞菲什伯恩軍事學(xué)校，1973年獲得密歇根大學(xué)航空和航天工程學(xué)士學(xué)位。1975年至1982年，他在亞利桑那州圖森市的基特峰國家天文臺從事計算機編程工作，業(yè)余時間喜愛飛行運動，做過兼職飛行教練。這期間他分別在1978年和1982年獲得亞利桑那大學(xué)系統(tǒng)工程碩士和博士學(xué)位。此后他去康涅狄格州紐黑文的健康系統(tǒng)國際公司任主管計算機服務(wù)的副總裁。1990年他回到圖森，從事專業(yè)技術(shù)寫作和咨詢工作。寫下了多種經(jīng)典的傳世之作，包括《TCP/IP詳解》（三卷）、《UNIX環(huán)境高級編程》和《UNIX網(wǎng)絡(luò)編程》（兩卷）。Stevens于1999年9月1日去世，年僅48歲。2000年他被國際權(quán)威機構(gòu)USENIX追授“終身成就獎”。
圖書目錄
Preface xv Part 1. TCP for Transactions 1 Chapter 1. TFFCP Introduction 3 1.1 Introduction 3 1.2 UDP Client-Server 3 1.3 TCP Client-Server 9 1.4 T/TCP Client-Server 17 1.5 Test Network 20 1.6 Timing Example 21 1.7 Applications 22 1.8 History 24 1.9 Implementations 26 1.10 Summary 28 Chapter 2. T/TCP Protocol 29 2.1 Introduction 29 2.2 New TCP Options for T/TCP 30 2.3 T/TCP Implementation Variables 33 2.4 State Transition Diagram 34 2.5 T/TCP Extended States 36 2.6 Summary 38 Chapter 3. T/TOP Examples 39 3.1 Introduction 39 3.2 Client Reboot 40 3.3 Normal T/TCP Transaction 42 3.4 Server Receives Old Duplicate SYN 43 3.5 Server Reboot 44 3.6 Request or Reply Exceeds MSS 45 3.7 Backward Compatibility 49 3.8 Summary 51 Chapter 4. T/TCP Protocol (Continued) 53 4.1 Introduction 53 4.2 Client Port Numbers and TIME WAIT State 53 4.3 Purpose of the TIME，，，WAIT State 56 4.4 TIME WAIT State Truncation 59 4.5 Avoiding the Three-Way Handshake with TAO 62 4.6 Summary 68 Chapter 5. T/TCP Implementation： Socket Layer 69 5.1 Introduction 69 5.2 Constants 70 5.3 sosend Function 70 5.4 Summary 72 Chapter 6.T/TOP Implementation： Routing Table 73 6.1 Introduction 73 6.2 Code Introduction 74 6.3 radix node head Structure 75 6.4 r t ent ry Structure 75 6.5 rt metrics Structure 76 6.6 in inithead Function 76 6.7 in addroute Function 77 6.8 in matroute Function 78 6.9 in clsroute Function 78 6.10 in. r tqt imo Function 79 6.11 in. rtqkil i Function 82 6.12 Summary 85 Chapter 7. T/TCP Implementation： Protocol Control Blocks 87 7.1 Introduction 87 7.2 in_pcbladdr Function 88 7.3 in pcbconnect Function 89 7.4 Summary 90 Chapter 8. T/TCP Implementation： TCP Overview 91 8.1 Introduction 91 8.2 Code Introduction 91 8.3 TCP protosw Structure 92 8.4 TCP Control Block 93 8.5 tcp init Function 94 8.6 tcp s lowt imo Function 94 8.7 Summary 95 Chapter 9. T/TCP Implementation： TCP Output 97 9.1 Introduction 97 9.2 tcp output Function 97 9.3 Summary 104 Chapter 10. T/TCP Implementation： TOP Functions 105 10.1 Introduction 105 10.2 tcp newtcpcb Function 105 10.3 tcp rt lookup Function 106 10.4 tcp gettaocache Function 108 10.5 Retransmission Timeout Calculations 108 10.6 tcp close Function 112 10.7 tcp_ms s s end Function 113 10.8 tcp ms s rcvd Function 114 10.9 tcp dooptions Function 121 10.10 tcp reass Function 122 10.11 Summary 124 Chapter 11.T/TCP Implementation： TCP Input 125 11.1 Introduction 125 11.2 Preliminary Processing 125 11.3 Header Prediction 129 11.4 Initiation of Passive Open 130 11.5 Initiation of Active Open 134 11.6 PAWS： Protection Against Wrapped Sequence Numbers 141 11.7 ACK Processing 142 11.8 Completion of Passive Opens and Simultaneous Opens 142 11.9 ACK Processing (Continued) 143 11.10 Summary 147 Chapter 12. T/TCP Implementation： TOP User Requests 149 12.1 Introduction 149 12.2 PRU CONNECT Request 149 12.3 tcp connect Function 150 12.4 PRU SEND and PRU SEND EOF Requests 154 12.5 tcp_usrclosed Function 155 12.6 tcp sysctl Function 155 12.7 T/TCP Futures 156 12.8 Summary 158 Part 2. Additional TCP Applications 159 Chapter 13， HTTP： Hypertext Transfer Protocol 161 13.1 Introduction 161 13.2 Introduction to HTTP and HTML 162 13.3 HTTP Protocol 165 13.4 An Example 170 13.5 HTTP Statistics 172 13.6 Performance Problems 173 13.7 Summary 175 Chapter 14. Packets Found on an HTTP Server 177 14.1 Introduction 177 14.2 Multiple HTTP Servers 180 14.3 Client SYN Interarrival Time 181 14.4 RTT Measurements 185 14.5 1isten Backlog Queue 187 14.6 Client SYN Options 192 14.7 Client SYN Retransmissions 195 14.8 Domain Names 196 14.9 Timing Out Persist Probes 196 14.10 Simulation of T/TCP Routing Table Size 200 14.11 Mbuf Interaction 202 14.12 TCP PCB Cache and Header Prediction 203 14.13 Summary 205 Chapter 15. NNTP： Network News Transfer Protocol 207 15.1 Introduction 207 15.2 NNTP Protocol 209 15.3 A Simple News Client 212 15.4 A More Sophisticated News Client 214 15.5 NNTP Statistics 215 15.6 Summary 216 Part 3. The Unix Domain Protocols 219 Chapter 16. Unix Domain Protocols： Introduction 221 16.1 Introduction 221 16.2 Usage 222 16.3 Performance 223 16.4 Coding Examples 224 16.5 Summary 225 Chapter 17. Unix Domain Protocols： Implementation 227 17.1 Introduction 227 17.2 Code Introduction 227 17.3 Unix domain and protosw Structures 228 17.4 Unix Domain Socket Address Structures 230 17.5 Unix Domain Protocol Control Blocks 231 17.6 uipc .usrreq Function 233 17.7 PRU ATTACH Request and unp attach Function 233 17.8 PRU DETACH Request and unp detach Function 236 17.9 PRU_BIN# Request and unp_bind Function 237 17.10 PRU_CONNECT Request and unp connect Function 240 17.11 PRU_CONNECT2 Request and unp connect2 Function 245 17.12 socketpair System Call 249 17.13 pipe System Call 253 17.14 PRU ACCEPT Request 253 17.15 PRU DISCONNECT Request and unp disconnect Function 255 17.16 PRU SHUTDOWN Request and unp shutdown Function 257 17.17 PRU ABORT Request and unp .drop Function 258 17.18 Miscellaneous Requests 259 17.19 Summary 261 Chapter 18. Unix Domain Protocols： I/O and Descriptor Passing 263 18.1 Introduction 263 18.2 PRU_SEND and PRU RCVD Requests 263 18.3 Descriptor Passing 269 18.4 unp internalize Function 274 18.5 unp external i ze Function 276 18.6 unp_discard Function 277 18.7 unp dispose Function 278 18.8 unp scan Function 278 18.9 unp. gc Function 280 18.10 unp mark Function 288 18.11 Performance (Revisited) 288 18.12 Summary 289 Appendix A. Measuring Network Times 291 A.1 RTT Measurements Using Ping 292 A.2 Protocol Stack Measurements 294 A.3 Latency and Bandwidth 300 Appendix B. Coding Applications for T/ICP 303 Bibliography309 Index 315
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