Eco-and Renewable Energy Materials

Chapter 1 Silicon Based Photovoltaic Materials 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Wafer-based crystalline silicon 1.2.1 Mono-crystalline silicon 1.2.2 Multi-crystalline silicon 1.2.3 Sheet and ribbon silicon 1.3 Thin-film silicon 1.3.1 Hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) 1.3.2 Hydrogenated microcrystalline silicon (c-Si:H).. 1.4 Nano-structured silicon 1.4.1 Silicon nanowire 1.4.2 Silicon quantum dots 1.5 Conclusion and pepective ReferenceChapter 2 Perylenes in Organic Photovoltaics 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Perylene pigments in solar cells 2.3 Perylene dyes in solar cells 2.4 Perylene contained polyme/oligome in solar cells .. 2.4.1 Perylene contained heterojunction solar cells ., 2.4.2 Perylene contained single-molecular solar cells ., 2.5 Perylenes in Gr/itzel solar cells 2.5.1 The derivatives ofperylenediimides 2.5.2 The derivatives of perylenemonoimides 2.5.3 Perylene based multichromophores 2.6 Conclusion and outlook Acknowledgements ReferencesChapter 3 Carbon Corrosion in Polymer Electrolyte Membrane FuelCell Catalysts and its Mitiga tion Strategies 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Carbon corrosion 3.2.1 The reaso and coequences 3.2.2 Mechanism of carbon corrosion 3.2.3 Test methods and characterization 3.3 Mitigation strategies to carbon corrosion 3.3.1 System strategy 3.3.2 Corrosion-resistant catalyst support Acknowledgements ReferencesChapter 4 Converting Low-grade Biomass to Produce Energy UsingBio-fuel Cells 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Theoretical principles of bio-fuel cells 4.3 Desig for scaling up 4.4 Materials in bio-fuel cells 4.4.1 Fuels 4.4.2 Biocatalysts 4.4.3 Enzymes in EFCs 4.4.4 Microbes used in MFCs 4.4.5 Oxidants 4.4.6 Electrode materials 4.4.7 Power output in bio-fuel cells 4.5 Concluding remarks ReferencesChapter 5 Nanostructured Electrode Materials for Lithium-ionBatteries 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Nanostructured anode 5.2.1 Nanostructured Si 5.2.2 Nano-sized traition-metal oxides 5.2.3 Nanostructured Sn alloy and oxide 5.2.4 Nanostructured lithium titanium oxides and tita niumoxides 5.3 Nanostructured cathode 5.3.1 Nanostructured metal oxides 5.3.2 Lithium traition metal oxides 5.3.3 Olivine LiFePO4 5.4 Conclusion Acknowledgements ReferencesChapter 6 Fiber Solar Cells 6.1 Introduction 6.2 A summary of flexible flat plate cells 6.3 Flexible fiber cells 6.3.1 Organic fiber cells 6.3.2 Dye-seitized fiber solar cells 6.4 Module of the fiber cell 6.4.1 Module of screen electrodes 6.4.2 Module of single-wire solar cell array arrangement 6.4.3 Module of roll-to-roll, mass production, and weav- ingtechnology 6.5 Three-dimeional light-collecting feature of fiber cell 6.5.1 Diffused reflection and utilization of stray light 6.5.2 Dependence on angle 6.5.3 Design of Light-concentrating structure 6.5.4 Colorful weaving cell 6.6 Conclusion and prospect ReferencesChapter 7 Semiconducto for Photoelectroche Mical HydrogenGeneration 7.1 Introduction 7.2 Basic mechanisms and types of PECs for H2 production .. 7.3 Photoelectrode materials forPECs H2 generation 7.3.1 TiO2 7.3.2 WO3 7.3.3 Fe203 7.3.4 BiVO4 7.3.5 Other semiconductor photoelectrode materials .. 7.3.6 Heterojunction photoelectrode materials 7.4 Conclusio and future developments Acknowledgements ReferencesChapter 8 The Application of Metal-Organic Fra- me works to CO2Capture 8.1 Introduction 8.2 MOF membrane for CO2 Separation 8.3 Selectivity adsorption 8.3.1 Carbon dioxide adsorption in rigid metal-organic frameworks 8.3.2 Carbon dioxide adsorption in flexible metal organicframeworks 8.4 Future prospects Acknowledgements ReferencesChapter 9 CO2 Selective Separation Membranes 9.1 Introduction 9.2 Fundamental background 9.3 Polymeric membranes 9.3.1 Materials, structures and fabrication 9.3.2 Chemical modification and physical blending 9.4 Inorganic membranes 9.4.1 Zeolite 9.4.2 Carbon 9.5 Mixed-matrix Membranes (MMMs) 9.5.1 Zeolite fille 9.5.2 Carbon fille 9.5.3 Silica fille 9.5.4 Other fille 9.6 Conclusion References