拯救我的TOEFL寫作（Writing）

目錄
Detailed Contents
前言............................................................................................................................ i
使用本書.................................................................................................................. iii
Chapter 1 托福寫作介紹
TOEFL WRITING INTRODUCTION 1
寫作部分簡(jiǎn)介Essay Organization Introduction 3
綜合寫作簡(jiǎn)介Integrated Writing Task Introduction 4
綜合寫作技巧Integrated Writing Skills 7
獨(dú)立寫作簡(jiǎn)介Essay Organization Introduction 9
獨(dú)立寫作題目總結(jié)Independent Writing Task Summary 10
Chapter 2 文章結(jié)構(gòu)
ESSAY ORGANIZATION 19
文章結(jié)構(gòu)介紹Essay Organization Introduction 21
文章開(kāi)頭Opening Paragraph 22
正文結(jié)構(gòu)Body Paragraphs 25
結(jié)尾段落Concluding Paragraph 27
Chapter 3 文章發(fā)展
ESSAY DEVELOPMENT 29
文章發(fā)展介紹Essay Development Introduction 31
因果展開(kāi)Cause and Effect 32
舉例子Giving Examples 36
對(duì)比與比較Contrast and Comparison 38
下定義Giving Definition 41
陳述觀點(diǎn)Presenting Viewpoints 42
常用過(guò)渡語(yǔ)Transitional Words and Phrases 46
Chapter 4 句子構(gòu)建
SENTENCE CONSTRUCTION 49
基本句型Basic Sentence Types 51
懸掛修飾Dangling Modifier 55
平行結(jié)構(gòu)Parallel Sentence Structure 57
插入語(yǔ)Sentence Interrupter 59
改變句子開(kāi)頭Varying Sentence Openings 60
句子簡(jiǎn)潔性Writing Concise Sentences 64
句子強(qiáng)調(diào)Using Emphatic Pattern 69
改寫原文Paraphrase 70
Chapter 5 措辭與語(yǔ)法
WORDING AND GRAMMAR 73
避免非正式用語(yǔ)Avoiding Informal Words 75
避免主觀用語(yǔ)Avoiding Personal Language 78
避免用詞重復(fù)Avoiding Repeating Words 81
避免絕對(duì)用語(yǔ)Avoiding Absolute Words 84
避免性別歧視Avoiding Sexist Language 86
避免歧視殘障人士Avoiding Offending People with Disabilities 88
主謂一致Subject-Verb Agreement 89
非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞Non-verb 93
單詞拼寫Common Spelling Errors 99
單詞首字母大寫Capitalization 107
Chapter 6 功能表達(dá)
FUNCTIONAL MATERIAL BANK 109
Chapter 7 語(yǔ)料庫(kù)：教育與學(xué)習(xí)
WRITING MATERIAL BANK: EDUCATION AND LEARNING 161
1. The Importance of Education【教育的重要性】163
2. The Benefits of College Education【大學(xué)教育的益處】164
3. Technology and Education【科技與教育】166
4. Positive Effects of Technology on Children【技術(shù)對(duì)兒童的好處】167
5. Negative Effects of Technology on Children【技術(shù)對(duì)兒童的壞處】168
6. The Importance of Homework【家庭作業(yè)的重要性】170
7. Education and Society【教育與社會(huì)】171
8. Benefits of Wearing School Uniforms【穿校服的好處】172
9. Benefits of Living on Campus【住校的好處】173
10. Benefits of Extracurricular Activities【課外活動(dòng)的好處】173
11. Benefits of Small Classes【小班的好處】174
12. Benefits of Studying Abroad【出國(guó)留學(xué)的好處】174
13. Benefits of Getting Ph.D.【攻讀博士學(xué)位的好處】176
14. Benefits of All Girls School【女子學(xué)校的好處】176
15. Benefits of Standardized Testing【標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化考試的好處】177
16. Negative Effects of Standardized Testing【標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化考試的壞處】178
Chapter 8 語(yǔ)料庫(kù)：課程與教學(xué)
WRITING MATERIAL BANK: CURRICULUM AND TEACHING 181
1. The Importance of Art Education【藝術(shù)教育的重要性】183
2. The Benefits of Studying Economics【學(xué)習(xí)經(jīng)濟(jì)的好處】185
3. Benefits of Bilingual Education【雙語(yǔ)教育的好處】186
4. Benefits of Learning English【學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的好處】186
5. The Benefits of Science Education【學(xué)習(xí)科學(xué)的好處】187
6. The Benefits of History Education【學(xué)習(xí)歷史的好處】189
7. The Benefits of Music Education【音樂(lè)教育的好處】191
8. Characteristics of a Good Teacher【好老師的特點(diǎn)】193
9. Teacher and Learning【教師與學(xué)習(xí)】196
Chapter 9 語(yǔ)料庫(kù)：環(huán)境與保護(hù)
WRITING MATERIAL BANK: ENVIRONMENT AND PROTECTION 197
1. Mother Nature【自然母親】199
2. Protecting Plants【保護(hù)植被】201
3. Protecting the Oceans【保護(hù)海洋】203
4. Ozone Layer Depletion【臭氧層破壞】204
5. Endangered Species【瀕危物種】205
6. Global Warming【全球變暖】206
7. Water Pollution【水污染】207
8. Water Resources【水資源】208
9. Air Pollution【空氣污染】208
10. Environment Conservation【環(huán)境保護(hù)】209
Chapter 10 語(yǔ)料庫(kù)：科技與生活
WRITING MATERIAL BANK: TECHNOLOGY AND LIFE 211
1. Benefits of Science and Technology【科技的益處】213
2. Negative Effects of Science【科技的弊端】214
3. Science and Life【科學(xué)與生活】216
4. Technology and Human Society【科技與人類社會(huì)】217
5. Benefits of Automobiles【汽車的好處】218
6. Negative Effects of Automobiles【汽車的壞處】220
7. Benefits of Public Transportation【公共交通的好處】221
8. Benefits of Electric Vehicles【電動(dòng)車的好處】221
9. About Cellphones【有關(guān)手機(jī)】222
10. Negative Effects of Cellphones【手機(jī)的壞處】223
11. Benefits of Computers【電腦的好處】224
12. Disadvantages of Internet【網(wǎng)絡(luò)的弊端】225
13. The Importance of Renewable Energy【可再生資源的重要性】227
14. Effects of Conventional Electricity Production【傳統(tǒng)發(fā)電影響】228
15. Benefits of Wind Energy【風(fēng)能的好處】229
16. Benefits of Solar Energy【太陽(yáng)能的好處】230
17. Healthy Life Style【健康生活方式】231
Chapter 11 語(yǔ)料庫(kù)：休閑與健康
WRITING MATERIAL BANK: LEISURE AND HEALTH 233
1. Benefits of Traveling【旅行的好處】235
2. Benefits of Ecotourism【生態(tài)旅游的好處】236
3. Benefits of leisure Time【休閑的好處】237
4. Sports and Health【運(yùn)動(dòng)與健康】238
5. Benefits of Physical Exercise【體育鍛煉的好處】240
6. Benefits of Sports for Students【運(yùn)動(dòng)對(duì)學(xué)生的好處】241
7. Cycling【自行車】242
8. Singing【唱歌】242
9. Handling Pressure【面對(duì)壓力】243
Chapter 12 語(yǔ)料庫(kù)：工作與財(cái)富
WRITING MATERIAL BANK: WORK AND WEALTH 245
1. Benefits of Volunteering【志愿工作的好處】247
2. Benefits of Team Work【團(tuán)隊(duì)協(xié)作的好處】248
3. Disadvantages of Team Work【團(tuán)隊(duì)協(xié)作的壞處】250
4. Benefits of Internship【實(shí)習(xí)的好處】250
5. Benefits of Job Rotation【崗位輪換的好處】252
6. Benefits of a Part-time Job【兼職的好處】252
7. Working at Home【居家工作】253
8. About Money【關(guān)于錢】254
9. How to Spend Money Wisely【如何明智地消費(fèi)】256
10. Benefits of Money Management【資金管理的好處】257
11. Benefits of Budgeting【做預(yù)算的好處】258
12. Teaching Children About Money【教孩子理財(cái)】259
Chapter 13 語(yǔ)料庫(kù)：親情與友情
WRITING MATERIAL BANK: FAMILY AND FRIENDSHIP 261
1. The Importance of Families【家庭的重要性】263
2. Love【愛(ài)】265
3. Mothers【母親】266
4. Fathers【父親】268
5. Friendship【友誼】269
6. Man’s Best Friend【狗】272
Chapter 14 語(yǔ)料庫(kù)：其他話題
WRITING MATERIAL BANK: COLLECTION OF OTHER TOPICS 273
1. Books【書籍】275
2. Benefits of Reading Books【讀書的好處】276
3. Art Program Types【藝術(shù)分類】277
4. Negative Effects of TV【電視的負(fù)面影響】278
5. Benefits of Advertising【廣告的好處】279
6. Benefits of Goal Setting【設(shè)定目標(biāo)的好處】280
7. The Importance of Planning【計(jì)劃的重要性】282
8. Embrace Failure【擁抱失敗】284
9. Success【成功】285
10. About Cities【關(guān)于城市】287
Chapter 15 附錄
APPENDIX 289
泛指詞和特指詞General and Specific Words 291
參考文獻(xiàn)Reference 325