Chapter 1Fundamental Geology Section 11Early Earth 111Introduction 112The Origin of the Earth 113The Early Atmosphere 114The Early Rocks 115The Early Life Section 12Rocks and Minerals 121Introduction 122The Materials of the Earth 123Rocks are Made of Minerals 124Granitic Rocks Section 13Facies Models 131General Principles 132Paleocurrents 133Paleohydraulics 134Environments Chapter 2Petroleum Geology Section 21The Fluid of Reservoir 211Introduction 212Natural Gas 213Oil 214Oilfield Water 215Distribution of Gas,Oil,and Water in the Reservoir Section 22Migration and Accumulation of Oil and Gas 221Introduction 222Migration of Oil and Gas 223Primary Migration 224Secondary Migration and Accumulation 225The Sites of Oil and Gas Accumulating Section 23The Trap 231Introduction 232Traps 233Facies Change Traps 234Unconformity and Hydrodynamic Traps Chapter 3Seismic Exploration Section 31Seismic Wave Dynamics 311Introduction 312Seismic wave characteristics 313Seismic wave propagation laws 314Seismic wave types Section 32Seismic Velocities 321Introduction 322Factors affecting velocity 323Several velocities concepts Section 33Seismic Works 331Introduction 332Seismic Data Acquisition 333Seismic Data Processing 334Seismic Data Interpretation Chapter 4Petrophysics Section 41Physical Properties of Reservoir Rocks 411Introduction 412Mineral Constitution of Sandstone Rock 413Pore Structure and Porosity of Reservoir Rock 414Permeability of Reservoir Rock Section 42Physical Properties of Reservoir Fluids 421Introduction 422High Pressure Physical Property of Natural Gas 423High Pressure Physical Property of Crude Oil 424Aqueous Fluids
Section 43Percolation Mechanism of Multiphase Fluid 431Introduction 432Capillary Pressure 433Wettability 434Hysteresis Chapter 5Fluid Mechanics Section 51Fluid Properties and Pascal's Law 511Fluid Properties 512Pascal's Law Section 52Flow Properties of Fluids 521The fluid state 522The continuum model of fluids 523Variables of state Section 53Unidirectional and OneDimensional Flow 531Introduction 532Nonlinear equations 533Approximate solution 534Exact solutions of the nonlinear NavierStokes equations Section 54Bubble Dynamics 541Introduction 542Fundamental models for cavitation 543RayleighPlesset equation Chapter 6Drilling Section 61Rotary Drilling 611Introduction 612Drilling Team 613Drilling Rigs Section 62Rotary Drilling Bits 621Introduction 622Drag Bits 623Rolling Cutter Bits Section 63Casing 631Introduction 632Manufacture of Casing 633Standardization of Casing Chapter 7Well Logging Section 71Electrical Well Logs 711Introduction 712Spontaneous potential (SP) Logging 713Conventional Resistivity Logs 714The laterologs(LL) 715The Microlog (ML) Section 72The Sonic Logs 721Introduction 722Acoustic waves 723Measurement of the Speed of Sound (Sonic Log) 724Measurement of Sonic Attenuation and Amplitude Section 73Radioactivity Logging 731Introduction 732Gamma ray log 733The Density log Chapter 8Petroleum Production Engineering Section 81Flow Principle 811Introduction 812The Inflow Performance of The Oil Well 813The Singlephase Flow Performance 814The Twophase Inflow Performance Section 82Oil Production Methods 821Introduction 822Natural Flow 823Gas Lift 824Rod Pump 825Rodless Lift 826Gas pump Section 83Stimulation 831Introduction 832Acidizing 833Hydraulic Fracturing Chapter 9Oilfield Chemistry Section 91Drilling Fluid Chemistry 911Introduction 912Function and Properties 913Drilling Fluid System 914Drilling Fluid Additives Section 92Cement Slurry Chemistry 921Introduction 922Function and Properties 923Cement Slurry System 924Cement Slurry Additives Section 93Oil Displacement Mode 931Introduction 932Oil Displacement Mode System Section 94Oil and Water Well Chemistry 941Introduction 942Oil and Water Well Chemistry System Chapter 10Refinery Chemical Section 101Crude Oil 1011Introduction 1012Crude Oil Components 1013From Crude Oil Section 102The Refining Process 1021Introduction 1022Fractional Distillation 1023Chemical Processing Section 103Treating and Blending the Fractions Answers References