PREFACE SUMMARY 1 Current Status and Trend of Development?001 1.1 Theoretical basis?002 1.2 Current status and trend?003 1.2.1 Traditional electric utilization ?C the foundation of modern civilization?003 1.2.2 Electricity substitution ?C a lynchpin to clean energy utilization?005 1.2.3 Indirect substitution ?C changing nonelectricity energy utilization?007 1.2.4 Nonenergy utilization ?C connecting energy and materials?008 1.2.5 Flexible electricity utilization ?C efficient interaction with new energy?009 1.3 Research approach?011 1.3.1 Categories of electrification technologies?012 1.3.2 Demand forecasting methodology?014 1.3.3 Analytical approach to flexibility potential?016 2 Electric Lighting?019 2.1 Technology status?020 2.1.1 Development history?020 2.1.2 Application status?024 2.2 Development trend?032 2.2.1 Key technical indexes?032 2.2.2 Development trend of technology?033 2.3 Research and development direction?037 2.3.1 High efficiency light source technology?037 2.3.2 Intelligent lighting technology?040 2.4 Electricity consumption scale and flexibility potential?042 2.4.1 Analysis of electricity consumption scale?042 2.4.2 Analysis of flexibility potential?046 2.5 Summary?052 3 Electric Drive?053 3.1 Technology status?054 3.1.1 DC motor?054 3.1.2 AC asynchronous motor?057 3.1.3 AC synchronous motor?060 3.2 Development trend?062 3.2.1 Key technical indexes?062 3.2.2 Development trend of technology?063 3.3 Research and development direction?068 3.3.1 DC motor?068 3.3.2 AC asynchronous motor?069 3.3.3 AC synchronous motor?071 3.4 Electricity consumption scale and flexibility potential?073 3.4.1 Analysis of electricity consumption scale?073 3.4.2 Analysis of flexibility potential?082 3.5 Summary?086 4 Electric Heating (Refrigeration)?087 4.1 Technology status?088 4.1.1 Resistance heating?088 4.1.2 Arc heating?089 4.1.3 Induction heating?090 4.1.4 Microwave heating?091 4.1.5 Heat pump?092 4.2 Development trend?093 4.2.1 Key technical indexes?093 4.2.2 Development trend of technology?094 4.3 Research and development direction?095 4.3.1 Temperature control and material technology?095 4.3.2 Airsource heat pump technology?096 _x005f
4.3.3 Comprehensive optimization of electric heating?096 4.4 Electricity consumption scale and flexibility potential?097 4.4.1 Analysis of electricity consumption scale?097 4.4.2 Analysis of flexibility potential?108 4.5 Summary?110 5 Electrochemistry?111 5.1 Technology status?112 5.1.1 Development history?112 5.1.2 Application status?113 5.2 Development trend?128 5.2.1 Power to fuel?128 5.2.2 Power to raw material?131 5.2.3 Electrometallurgy?133 5.2.4 Electrolytic machining?135 5.3 Research and development direction?136 5.3.1 Power to fuel?136 5.3.2 Power to raw material?137 5.3.3 Traditional electrochemical industry?138 5.4 Electricity consumption scale and flexibility potential?139 5.4.1 Analysis of electricity consumption scale?139 5.4.2 Analysis of flexibility potential?151 5.5 Summary?154 6 Electricity Consumption in IT?155 6.1 Technology status?156 6.1.1 Consumer electronics?156 6.1.2 Data center?162 6.1.3 Communication base?163 6.2 Development trend?166 6.2.1 Key technical indexes?167 6.2.2 Development trend of technology?167 6.3 Research and development direction?171 _x000c_
6.3.1 Data center?171 6.3.2 Advanced communication?176 6.4 Electricity consumption scale and flexibility potential?177 6.4.1 Analysis of electricity consumption scale?177 6.4.2 Analysis of flexibility potential?179 6.5 Summary?183 7 Development Outlook?185 7.1 Technology development?186 7.2 Electricity consumption scale?188 7.3 Flexibility potential?192 Appendix Abbreviations / Definitions?196
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