Contents Preface Mao Zedong and His Era Four gunshots and the fate of China / 2 From“Old China”to“New China” / 7 Why did he become the soul of the era? / 10 Before the mission of the times / 12 Roads, dreams, and legends / 17 Chapter One Historical Questions and Answers “Grand unity is great strength” / 22 “Political power grows out of the barrel of a gun” / 28 “It takes a great party to guide a great revolution” / 37 The will of the people trumps everything / 41 Chapter Two What Was “New” About New China? New image of national independence / 51 New look of people’s liberation / 56 New situation of national unity / 63 Chapter Three Entering Socialism It is only a matter of time before we build socialism / 74 Why set the clock forward? / 78 A road of peaceful transformation / 86 Chapter Four Breakthroughs in the Cold War Context Siding with the Soviet Union / 98 Strike first to spare being stricken a hundred times / 103 Tearing apart the trade blockade / 108 Two international conferences, one Chinese approach / 113 Chapter Five Top-Level Design Why 1956? / 124 Clarifying the“Ten Major Relationships” / 128 A grand meeting and a new route / 133 Judgments and choices during an“eventful year” / 137 Chapter Six Periods of Planning How was the economic plan compiled? / 148 Food, clothing and daily necessities for the people / 155 “Do not rush the construction of socialism” / 160 From development strategy to economic layout / 169 Chapter Seven Policy Toward Intellectuals Originally“intellectuals” / 178 Solidarity, education and transformation / 185 Let a hundred flowers bloom, let a hundred schools of thought contend / 193 Winning the battle of science and technology / 200 Chapter Eight Transforming Social Traditions Removing“malignant tumors”and old customs / 212 The new social customs / 218 A dualistic structure of rural and urban areas / 224 The spirit of the times / 231 Chapter Nine National Governance Break the“cycle of history” / 241 How were the“nation’s leaders”tempered? / 248 “A game of chess, and a bamboo pole” / 254 On the Cultural Revolution / 260 Chapter Ten New Role in the International Arena Deterioration of Sino-Soviet relations / 268 Friends in the“intermediate zones” / 272 A handshake across the Pacific / 278 Back to the UN / 284 Postscript / 290
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