商挺 Shang Ting

商挺（1209—1288），字孟卿，也作夢卿，自號左山老人，曹州濟陰（今山東菏澤）人。由金入元后，他的官階上升，晚年因病免官。他是文人，擅長書法，尤工隸書，也喜歡寫詞作曲，詩、詞、曲等作品有千余篇，與元好問等人是朋友?？上淖髌方穸嗖淮?，曲作只留下19首。

Shang Ting（1209-1288），who later gave himself the name Mengqing and still later styled himself Old Man at Zuoshan，was born at Jiyin，Caozhou（now Heze，Shandong Province）．When the Yuan Dynasty substituted for Jin，he was promoted steadily at the court．A renowned man of letters，he was good at Chinese calligraphy and was a prolific poet，to whom about 1，000 verses are ascribed，of which only 19 survive，though.

潘妃曲

○商挺

帶月披星^①擔(dān)驚怕，久立紗窗下。等候他。驀^②聽得門外地皮兒踏，則道是冤家^③，原來風(fēng)動荼縻架^④。

【注釋】

1 帶月披星：即“戴月披星”，意思是頭頂著月亮，身披著星光，也就是在明月當(dāng)頭、星光明亮的夜晚長時間行走或站立于戶外。

2 驀（mò）：突然間，一瞬間，毫無思想準備地。

3 冤家：本義為對頭、仇人，但這里是對情人的昵稱，表達了離不開、舍不下，又因他生出無窮氣惱而愛恨交加的復(fù)雜情感。

4 荼縻（túmí）：植物名，即荼縻，也作“酴醾”，初夏開花，花白色，如酴醾酒，故名。荼縻架：為荼縻花搭的架子，類似藤蘿架。

TUNE：SONG OF PRINCESS PAN

Shivering with fright

In moonlight and starlight，

I stand long by the window dim，

Waiting for him.

Suddenly outdoor footsteps I seem to hear：

O it must be my dear.

But how again I shiver

To find in the wind only the trellis quiver.

【賞析】

這首曲十分短小，寫一個女子等待與情人約會時的心態(tài)和舉動。她與情人約好在夜晚相見。為了與情人相會，她早早來到約會地點，不顧夜涼天黑，久久站立在戶外的紗窗下。她一邊看著天上的月亮和星星，一邊焦急地盼望心上人的到來。但在封建社會，未婚女子私下里與自己心愛的男子相見是有悖倫理綱常的。所以她很怕被別人看見，心中驚恐萬分。她環(huán)顧四周，擔(dān)驚受怕，藏藏躲躲，又望眼欲穿，就這樣等啊，等啊。忽然，她聽到一陣聲響，好像是人的腳步聲。她激動地以為一定是自己的情人來了?？墒且魂囷L(fēng)過后，什么動靜也沒有。原來剛才是風(fēng)兒吹動荼縻花架發(fā)出的聲音。一場歡喜就這樣又一次落了空。小曲就此結(jié)束了。

這首曲寫出了年輕女子與情人幽會時又驚又怕、又急又盼的復(fù)雜心情，寫得十分傳神，典型地體現(xiàn)了元曲所獨有的直率、活潑、生動的創(chuàng)作風(fēng)格。特別是最末一句更為精彩，把風(fēng)吹花架子的聲音聽成是情人的腳步聲，這與王實甫《西廂記》中的“待月西廂下，迎風(fēng)戶半開；隔墻花影動，疑是玉人來”一詩有異曲同工之妙。

Interpretation

Extremely short，the verse depicts how a woman is missing her lover and how she handles herself for that．Their appointment would be at the evening．Ahead of the arranged moment she arrived，and has ever since been standing near the window，looking into the sky at the moon and stars，scared at the thought that her lover would not come at all and that she be found，for it is a case of immorality for a woman，even unmarried，to secretly meet a man in feudal times．Frightened and properly hiding herself，she held on．Suddenly she heard something，the footsteps of someone，seemingly．Is it her man？No，it is not; it is the shivering of vines over a wooden framework in the garden，to her thorough disappointment.