69.借電話的說法
“我想跟你借個電話好嗎?”一句話,譯成英文:May I borrow your telephone?為什么不對呢?
【解答】這句英文本身并沒有錯,不過不適宜于這種場合之用罷了。因為這句話,并不表示想要借電話打一下,而是說要借用電話機(jī),把機(jī)子拿走,可見borrow一字是不能拿來直譯許多中國話的,比方說中國話的“借光”,只能譯作Excuse me,若果直譯為borrow the light,就無人能懂了。我們說借電話,實(shí)際是使用一下別人的電話,重在“用”,而不在“借”。因此,英文要把借字譯成用字,才合乎他們的說法,即: May I use your telephone?
如果是一支筆的話,借與用是相同的,即是借去使用,所以二者都可以說:
May I borrow your pen?
May I use your pen?
(你的筆借我用一下好嗎?)中國話中的借字有時是用得很妙的,如“借問”(May I ask you?),“借宿”(to ask for lodging),“借重”(to seek the assistance of),“借酒澆愁”(to drown care in the wine bowl),“借故”(to make use of any thing as a pretext for)等等,都不宜直譯。
70.接電話的說法
“昨晚我接到了他的電話?!弊g為:I received a telephone from him last night.為什么不可以呢?
【解答】這句英文,仍然和上項的情形一樣,在句子本身并不為錯,只是譯得不恰當(dāng)罷了。我們說收到他的信,可譯成:receive a letter from him或hear from him,所收到的確有一封信,電話只是收到幾句話,如果說:receive a telephone便是收到一架電話機(jī),不是對方打來的電話。所以質(zhì)問中所舉出的那句話,應(yīng)英譯為: I had (或received) a phone call from him last night.
也可以改變主語而成: He called me up last night.
He telephoned (to) me last night. 又關(guān)于打電話的英文表現(xiàn)法,還有下面種種:
我將用電話通知他。
I’ll tell him by telephone.
他們在電話中交談。
They talked over the telephone.
你有電話。
You’re wanted on the phone.或A phone for you.