嘎布拉法鼓

Kapala Drum

六世班禪額爾德尼·羅桑貝丹益西是西藏歷史上一位杰出的藏傳佛教領(lǐng)袖和政治家。清乾隆六年（公元1741年）入扎什倫布寺出家，乾隆三十年（公元1765年）受賜金冊(cè)金印，乾隆四十五年（公元1780年）七月，他不遠(yuǎn)萬(wàn)里從后藏到熱河避暑山莊慶賀乾隆皇帝七十壽辰，為第一個(gè)到祖國(guó)內(nèi)地的班禪喇嘛。同年八月，他帶著大量禮品進(jìn)京敬獻(xiàn)給乾隆皇帝，其中幾件嘎布拉鼓和嘎布拉碗顯得璀璨華麗，十分珍貴。嘎布拉鼓，是藏傳佛教密宗的一種稱贊法器。這幾件嘎布拉鼓鼓腰箍鑲寶石鏤金片，綴飄帶，兩面蒙猴皮或人皮，鼓體有象牙和人頭頂骨兩種。嘎布拉碗是藏傳佛教密宗的一種法器。“嘎布拉”亦稱“尕巴拉”，藏語(yǔ)音譯，為人頭骨之意。在修密宗的最高密法無(wú)上瑜伽密，舉行灌頂儀式時(shí)，用于盛酒等。六世班禪額爾德尼·羅桑貝丹益西敬獻(xiàn)給乾隆皇帝的嘎布拉碗造型生動(dòng)精美，做工精細(xì)，為清代珍貴貢品。

The 6th Panchen Erdeni Lobsang Palden Yeshe was an outstanding leader of Tibetan Buddhism in history.He became a monk in the Tashilhungpo Monastery in 1741 or the sixth year of Emperor Qianlong’s reign;.24 years later, a golden sheet of appointment and a golden seal of authority were bestowed upon him. In July 1780 or the 45th year of Emperor Qianlong’s reign, he traveled from the Xigaze area to the Rehe Summer Rresort in today’s Hebei Province to celebrate the 70th birthday of Emperor Qianlong, becoming the first Panchen Lama to visit the hinterland. In August the same year, he brought a great number of gifts to Beijing for presentation to Emperor Qianlong, some of which were dazzling and precious Kapala drums and bowls. As a religious object for praise in Tibetan Tantric Buddhism, the drums were decorated with gems, gold chips, and ribbons. The drumheads were made of monkey or human skin, and the drum body was made of ivory or human skull. The Kapala bowl is a religious object in the Tibetan Tantric Buddhism,with Kapala meaning the human skull. It was used for holding wine in the empowerment ceremony for the Anuttara-Yoga, the highest Tantra of Tantric Buddhism. The Kapala bowl the 6th Panchen Erdeni Palden Yeshe presented to Emperor Qianlong features a vivid and exquisite appearance and refined workmanship, and thus was regarded as the precious article of tribute in the Qing Dynasty.