2.代替time的各種不同的名詞
“我和王君久別重逢。”譯成英文為:
I met Mr. Wang again after a long parting.
不知譯得正確否?
【解答】英文的part是講離別的動作,動名詞parting的意思還是如此,如“她在臨別時哭了?!保⊿he cried at parting.)“臨別贈言”(parting words)“臨別的一吻”(a parting kiss)。如果是說離別的期間,就應(yīng)該說separation,例如“久別重逢,他們非常高興”。(They were very pleased to meet after such a long separation.)因此,質(zhì)問中的譯文也應(yīng)改為: I met Mr. Wang after a long separation.
在after a long后面的名詞,可隨時改用他字。如:
I received a letter from him after a long silence.(許久未通訊,最近才接到他來函。)
I went out for a walk after a long interval.(好久沒有出外散步,這回才去了。)
He returned to his native village after a long absence.(他出門很久才回故鄉(xiāng)。)這種說法都是for a long time的變化,如after a long separation就等于說whom I had not seen for a long time,而after a long absence就等于說where he had not been for a long time.諸如此類,斟酌情形,是可以采用各種不同的名詞來代替time的。
3.raise one’s hand用復(fù)數(shù)人稱時,名詞也改復(fù)數(shù)
“舉手”英文說raise one’s hand,是舉起一只手來,如遇到強盜,表示不抵抗時,即說hold up one’s hands,是舉起雙手,普通表示贊成,大家舉手時,也說raise their hand行嗎?因為若說raise their hands,豈不是每人舉起雙手來了嗎?到底應(yīng)該用單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)?
【解答】這確是英文的一種不完善的地方,也只怪得人類的雙手常不同時動作的緣故,如果是眼睛就沒有這個問題,因為兩個人仰視時說raise their eyes,一個人時還是raise his eyes.一個人舉手時說raise his hand,自然很清楚,表示只舉一只手,但多數(shù)人時,則說: They all raised their hands.
意思仍然是各人只舉一只手,習(xí)慣上都知道是舉單手不是舉雙手,雖則可能含有雙手之意。不過真正要分別的話,我們還是可以說their both hands來表示舉雙手的。原則上多數(shù)人就要用復(fù)數(shù)名詞,參考下面各種例句: